Akụkọ HARLEY-DAVIDSON

The Harley-Davidson nke a ma ama kariri akara ngosi nke omenala ndi America. Ọ bụ n'ezie ndị kasị ọdịnala na otu n'ime ndị kasị ibu ọgba tum tum na-emepụta n'ụwa taa. Companylọ ọrụ ahụ, nke taa nwere nnukwu ụlọ ọrụ atọ na United States, na-ewe ihe dị ka ndị ọrụ 9,000 ozugbo ma na-atụ anya iru mmepụta nke igwe puku 300,000 n'afọ a. Ndị a bụ ọnụ ọgụgụ na-egosipụta oke nke na-ezochi mmalite dị nwayọ na nke jupụtara na nsogbu.

Akụkọ ihe mere eme nke ika ahụ malitere na 1903, n'ime ụlọ dị na azụ ụlọ nke ụmụnne nwoke na -eto eto Arthur na Walter Davidson na mpaghara Milwaukee, Wisconsin. Di na nwunye a, onye dị ihe dị ka afọ 20, ka ya na William S. Harley dị afọ 21 jikọrọ aka mepụta obere ọgba tum tum maka asọmpi. Ọ bụ n'ime ụlọ a (mita atọ n'obosara na mita itoolu n'ogologo), na n'ihu ya nwere ike gụọ akara "Harley-Davidson Motor Company", ka emepụtara ọgba tum tum atọ mbụ nke ika ahụ.

N'ime ọgba tum tum atọ a na -ebido ebido, otu onye guzobere ụlọ ọrụ na Milwaukee resịrị Henry Meyer, enyi nke William S. Harley na Arthur Davidson ozugbo. Na Chicago, onye na -ere ahịa mbụ akpọrọ aha - CH Lang - na -ere ahịa ọzọ n'ime anyịnya igwe atọ ndị a emere na mbụ.

Azụmahịa na -amalite itolite, mana ọ na -eji nwayọ nwayọ. Agbanyeghị, na Julaị 4, 1905, ọgba tum tum Harley -Davidson meriri asọmpi mbụ ya na Chicago - nke a nyekwaara aka ịkwalite ahịa ụlọ ọrụ ahụ na -eto eto. N'otu afọ ahụ, e goro onye ọrụ oge mbụ nke ụlọ ọrụ ụgbọ ala Harley-Davidson na Milwaukee.

N'afọ sochirinụ, na-ere ahịa, ndị guzobere ya kpebiri ịhapụ nrụnye mbụ wee biri n'ụlọ nkwakọba ihe ka ukwuu, na-arụ ọrụ ka mma nke dị na Juneau Avenue na Milwaukee. E goro ndị ọrụ ise ọzọ ọrụ n’ebe ahụ oge niile. N'afọ 1906, akara a mepụtara katalọgụ nkwado izizi ya.

Na 1907, Davidson ọzọ sonyeere azụmahịa ahụ. William A. Davidson, nwanne Arthur na Walter, kwụsịrị ọrụ ya ma sonyekwa na Harley-Davidson Motor Company. Mgbe afọ a gasịrị, isi na ebe ọrụ ụlọ ọrụ ahụ fọrọ nke nta ka ọ okpukpu abụọ. Otu afọ mgbe nke ahụ gasịrị, e resịrị ndị uwe ojii Detroit ọgba tum tum mbụ ahụ, na-amalite mmekọrịta ọdịnala nke dịgidere ruo taa.

Na 1909, ụlọ ọrụ Harley-Davidson nke dị afọ isii gosipụtara mmalite mmalite nke teknụzụ mbụ na ahịa ụkwụ abụọ. Sawwa hụrụ ọmụmụ nke mbụ V-Twin engine nke ọgba tum tum, nke nwere ike ịmalite 7 hp - ike dị ukwuu maka oge ahụ. N'oge na-adịghị anya, ihe onyonyo nke okpukpu abụọ na-eme ka a hazie ya na 45-degree ghọrọ otu n'ime akara ngosi na akụkọ ntolite Harley-Davidson.

Na 1912, iwupụta ihe doro anya nke osisi Juneau Avenue bidoro ma mepee mpaghara pụrụ iche maka akụkụ na ngwa. Otu afọ ahụ ụlọ ọrụ ahụ ruru akara nke ndị na-ere ahịa 200 na United States wee bupu izizi ya mbụ na mba ọzọ, rute ahịa ndị Japan.

Marca rere ndị agha ahụ ihe fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ 100,000 igwe kwụ otu ebe

N’agbata afọ 1917 na 1918, Companylọ Ọrụ Harley-Davidson Motor Company mepụtara ma zụọ ọgba tum tum 17,000 maka US Army n’oge Agha I.wa Mbụ.

Ka ọ na-erule 1920, ya na ihe dị ka ndị na-ere ahịa 2,000 na mba 67, Harley-Davidson bụbu onye nrụpụta ọgba tum tum kacha ibu n'ụwa. N'otu oge ahụ, onye na -agba Leslie "Red" Parkhurst mebere ihe na -erughị ọsọ ụwa 23 na ọgba tum tum ama ama. Dịka ọmụmaatụ, Harley-Davidson bụ ụlọ ọrụ mbụ, iji merie ọsọ ọsọ gafere akara 100 mile / hour.

Na 1936, ụlọ ọrụ ahụ webatara ụdị EL, nke a maara dị ka "Knucklehead", nwere valves n'akụkụ. A na-ewere igwe kwụ otu ebe a dị ka ihe kacha mkpa Harley-Davidson butere na akụkọ ntolite ya. N'afọ sochirinụ, William A. Davidson nwụrụ, otu n'ime ndị guzobere ụlọ ọrụ ahụ. Ndị guzobere abụọ ọzọ - Walter Davidson na Bill Harley - ga -anwụ n'ime afọ ise sochirinụ.

N'agbata 1941 na 1945, oge nke Agha Secondwa nke Abụọ, ụlọ ọrụ ahụ laghachiri inye ndị agha US na ndị ha na ya jikọrọ aka ọgba tum tum ya. Ihe fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ mmepụta ya niile, ihe dị ka nkeji 90,000, ka ezigara ndị agha US n'oge a. Otu n'ime ụdị Harley-Davidson mepụtara maka agha ahụ bụ XA 750, nke nwere cylinder kwụ ọtọ nke nwere cylinders ndị ọzọ ezubere maka iji mee ihe n'ọzara. A na -ere otu puku 1,011 nke ihe nlereanya a maka agha n'oge agha.

Na November 1945, ka agha ahụ bisịrị, ịmaliteghachi ọgba tum tum maka ndị nkịtị. Afọ abụọ mgbe nke ahụ gasịrị, iji mezuo ọchịchọ na-arịwanye elu maka ọgba tum tum, ụlọ ọrụ ahụ nwetara ụlọ ọrụ nke abụọ - osisi Capitol Drive - na Wauwatosa, dịkwa na steeti Wisconsin. Na 1952, ebuputara usoro Hydra-Glide, ọgba tum tum mbụ nke akara akpọrọ aha - ọ bụghị na ọnụọgụ, dịka ọ dịbu.
Ememe a iji sọpụrụ ncheta afọ 50 nke ika a na 1953 egosighi mmadụ atọ guzobere ya. Na mmemme ahụ, n'ụdị, e mepụtara akara ọhụrụ iji kwanyere injin ahụ ahaziri na “V”, ụghalaahịa ụlọ ọrụ ahụ. N'afọ a, na mmechi akara India, Harley-Davidson ga-abụ naanị onye nrụpụta ọgba tum tum na United States maka afọ 46 sochirinụ.

Igwe kpakpando a mgbe ahụ Elvis Presley gbara maka mbipụta May 1956 nke Enthusiast magazine nwere ihe atụ Harley-Davidson nke KH. Otu n'ime usoro ọdịnala kachasị na akụkọ ntolite Harley-Davidson, bụ Sportster, ka ewepụtara na 1957. Ruo taa, aha a na-akpali agụụ mmekọahụ n'etiti ndị na-akwado akara ahụ. A malitere akụkọ akụkọ ọzọ banyere akara ahụ na 1965: Electra-Glide, dochie ihe Duo-Glide, ma weta ihe ọhụrụ dị ka ihe ọkụ eletrik - atụmatụ nke ga - eru nso na Sportster.

Njikọ na MFA mere na 1969

Akụkụ ọhụrụ na akụkọ Harley-Davidson malitere na 1965. Site na mmeghe nke oke ya na mgbanwe ngwaahịa, njikwa ezinụlọ na ụlọ ọrụ ahụ kwụsịrị. N'ihi mkpebi a, na 1969 Harley-Davidson jikọrọ aka na American Machine and Foundry (AMF), onye America na-emepụta ngwa ahịa ngwa ahịa. N'afọ a, mmepụta Harley-Davidson kwa afọ erutela nkeji 14,000.

Na nzaghachi maka ụdị nke ọgba tum tum na 1971, e kere FX 1200 Super Glide motorcycle - ụdị ngwakọ n'etiti Electra-Glide na Sportster. Categorydị ọgba tum tum ọhụrụ, nke akpọrọ cruiser ma hazie ya maka ogologo njem, amụrụ ebe ahụ - ngwaahịa ahaziri nke ọma iji gafee nnukwu okporo ụzọ ndị America.

Afọ abụọ mgbe nke ahụ gasịrị, ka ọchịchọ na-ebili ọzọ, Harley-Davidson mere mkpebi dị mkpa iji gbasaa mmepụta, na-ahapụ osisi Milwaukee naanị maka imepụta injin. E bughaala ahịrị mgbakọ ọgba tum tum ahụ n’ebe osisi ọhụrụ, ibu, ọgbara ọhụrụ dị na York, Pennsylvania. Fdị FXRS Low Rider sonyeere ngwaahịa Harley-Davidson na 1977.



Oge mgbanwe ọzọ na akụkọ ihe mere eme Harley-Davidson mere na February 26, 1981, mgbe ndị isi ụlọ ọrụ iri na atọ bịanyere aka n'akwụkwọ ebumnuche ịzụta AMF Harley-Davidson. N'ọnwa June nke otu afọ ahụ, emechara azụta ya na ahịrịokwu “Ugo na -efe naanị ya” ghọrọ ihe a ma ama. Ozugbo, ndị nwe ụlọ ọrụ ọhụrụ ahụ tinyere usoro mmepụta ọhụrụ na njikwa mma n'ịmepụta ọgba tum tum akara.

Na 1982, Harley-Davidson rịọrọ gọọmentị etiti United States ka ọ mepụta tarifụ mbubata maka ọgba tum tum nwere injin karịrị 700 cc iji nwee ezigbo 'mwakpo' nke ọgba tum tum ndị Japan n'ahịa North America. Enyerela arịrịọ ahụ. Agbanyeghị, afọ ise ka e mesịrị, ụlọ ọrụ ahụ tụrụ ahịa ahụ n'anya. N'ịbụ onye nwere ntụkwasị obi n'ike ya ịsọ mpi na ọgba tum tum ndị mba ọzọ, Harley-Davidson rịọrọ gọọmentị etiti ọzọ ka ha wepụrụ tarifu mbubata maka ọgba tum tum mbubata otu afọ tupu oge akwadoro.

Ọ bụ ihe a na -enwetụbeghị ụdị ya na mba ahụ ruo ugbu a. Mmetụta nke omume a siri ike nke na o mere ka onye isi ala US Ronald Reagan gaa ụlọ ọrụ ika ahụ wee kwupụta n'ihu ọha na ọ bụ onye ofufe Harley-Davidson. O zuru ezu inye ume ọhụrụ ahụ.

Tupu nke a, na 1983, ndị Harley Owners Group (HOG), ndị nwere ọgba tum tum ndị otu a, nwere ihe dịka ndị otu 750,000 n'ụwa niile. Ọ bụ klọb kasịnụ n'ụdị ya na ahịa nwere ụkwụ abụọ na mbara ala. N'afọ sochirinụ, ewepụtara igwe ọhụrụ 1,340cc Evolution V-Twin, nke chọrọ afọ asaa nke nyocha na mmepe site n'aka ndị injinia Harley-Davidson.

Onye na -ebugharị ihe a ga -akwadebe ọgba tum tum ise nke ika ahụ n'afọ ahụ, gụnyere Softail ọhụrụ - akụkọ ama ama ọzọ. Mwepụta ahụ nyeere ụlọ ọrụ ahụ aka ịbawanye ahịa ya. N'ihi nke a, na 1986, Harley-Davidson mbak banyere New York Stock Exchange-nke mbụ kemgbe 1969, mgbe njikọta Harley-Davidson-AMF mere.

Na 1991, ezinyere ezinụlọ Dyna na ụdị FXDB Sturgis. Afọ abụọ ka nke ahụ gasịrị, ihe fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ ndị ọkwọ ụgbọ ala 100,000 gara emume ncheta ụbọchị iri itoolu na Milwaukee. Na 90, Harley-Davidson webatara ọmarịcha FLHR Road King. Ụdị Ultra Classic Electra Glide, nke na -eme ememme ncheta afọ 1995 ya na 30, ghọrọ ọgba tum tum mbụ nke ika ahụ iji gosipụta mmanụ ọkụ eletrik n'usoro.

Na 1998, Harley-Davidson nwetara Buell Motorcycle Company, mepee ụlọ ọrụ injinia ọhụrụ na mpụga Milwaukee, Menomonee Falls, Wisconsin, wee wuo usoro mgbakọ ọhụrụ na Kansas City, Missouri. N'otu afọ ahụ, ụlọ ọrụ ahụ mere ememme ncheta 95th ya na Milwaukee, na ọnụnọ nke ihe karịrị 140,000 Fans nke ika na obodo.

Ọ bụ na ngwụcha 1998 ka Harley-Davidson mepere ụlọ ọrụ ya na Manaus, Brazil. Ruo taa, ọ bụ naanị nzukọ mgbakọ ahapụtara arụnyere na United States. Ngwa a na-achịkọta Softail FX, Softail Deuce, Fat Boy, Heritage Classic, Road King Classic na Ultra Electra Glide. Roadzọ Omenala Ọhụrụ a na-ebukọta na ngalaba a na Nọvemba.

Na 1999, akara ohuru Twin Cam 88 nke pụtara na Dyna na Touring lines bịara ahịa. Na 2001, Harley-Davidson gosipụtara ụwa usoro mgbanwe: V-Rod. Na mgbakwunye na atụmatụ ọdịnihu, ihe nlereanya ahụ bụ nke mbụ na akụkọ ntolite nke North America iji nweta injin igwe mmiri.

Morsun Led na-enye ogo dị elu Harley butere ọkụ ihu maka ọrịre, ịnabata ajụjụ.